Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGJA) will

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGJA) will be the two primary types of gastrointestinal cancers that pose an enormous threat to individual health. tumor-linked autoantibody biomarkers in esophageal squamous cellular carcinoma reported in several research. Mmp-7: Matrix metallopeptidase 7; Hsp70: Heat shock proteins 70; PRDX 6: Peroxiredoxin 6; Bmi-1: BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb band finger; FG-4592 supplier Koc: Insulin-like growth aspect 2 mRNA binding proteins 3; C-Myc: MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription aspect; IMP1: Insulin-like development aspect 2 mRNA binding proteins 1. The many comprehensively investigated TA autoantibodies in ESCC have already been p53 autoantibodies accompanied by autoantibodies against P16 and c-Myc. Provided the prominent feature of p53 in cancers it isn’t unexpected that may be the most broadly studied autoantibody in ESCC. Autoantibodies against p53 in the medical diagnosis of ESCC have already been evaluated in 17 studies (Table ?(Desk2),2), and the sensitivities vary largely between reviews (7%-60%) while less variance is normally seen in the specificity (range 89.5%-100%, Table ?Desk2).2). A meta-evaluation by Zhang et al[39] showed the overall sensitivity and specificity of p53 autoantibody for esophageal cancer are 29.6% and 97.9%, respectively. Autoantibodies against P16 and c-Myc were each analyzed in five studies, and both exhibited high specificity but poor sensitivity (Table ?(Table2).2). Consequently, despite the high specificity, all studies show that use of a single autoantibody provides FG-4592 supplier low sensitivity indicating limited medical software. The sensitivity and specificity for Hsp70 autoantibodies reported by Fujita et al[40] can be up to 93.7% and 100%, respectively. However, the very small sample size of this study reduces the stability and power of the results. Overall, quite apparent is the truth that the diagnostic value of individual TA autoantibody biomarkers in ESCC is quite limited. DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE OF Solitary AUTOANTIBODIES IN EGJA Very few medical or translational studies possess treated EGJA as a separate entity, which have been generally divided between those targeting esophageal cancer and those targeting gastric cancer. Likewise, a similar phenomenon offers been observed in the studies on autoantibodies for the analysis of EGJA. As can be seen from Table ?Table3,3, a total of 13 autoantibodies were investigated in two studies[41,42], all of which were initially assessed in ESCC by Xu et al[43] and Zhou et al[44]. As anticipated, the presence of TA autoantibodies shows early diagnostic potential for EGJA. The sensitivity of solitary TA autoantibody biomarkers for EGJA ranged from 11.0% to 54.3% with generally high specificity ranging from 86.3% to 97% (Table ?(Table3).3). From the list of autoantibodies shown in Table ?Table3,3, there is no good way of forecasting which TA autoantibodies may work. Like ESCC, the most commonly tested TA autoantibody in EGJA is the p53 autoantibody, which has the highest area under the curve value (0.799) with moderate sensitivity and specificity in the analysis of early stage EGJA (Table ?(Table3).3). However, it remains truth that the capability FG-4592 supplier of a single TA autoantibody biomarker to identify FG-4592 supplier EGJA individuals is limited. It also should be pointed out Rabbit polyclonal to KLHL1 that study on autoantibodies is still in its infancy. Thus, more autoantibody biomarkers need to be recognized and evaluated to enlarge the autoantibody pool for EGJA. Table 3 Diagnostic performance of single tumor-associated autoantibody biomarkers in esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma valueSensiti-vity, all stages/ early stageSpecifi-city, all stages/ early stageAUC, all stages/ early stageMethodIIIIIIIVTx /thead p53Xu et al[42], 2019122 (Train-ing)2168717122169 (Valida-tion) 0.000135.2%/ 33.3%90.5%/ 90.5%0.718/ 0.648ELISA70 (Train-ing)111430158080 (Valida-tion) 0.000135.7%/ 40.0%96.3%/ 96.3%0.766/ 0.799ELISAZhou et al[41], 201575—-75140 0.00124.0%/-92%/-0.67/-ELISANY-ESO-1Xu et al[42], 2019122 (Train-ing)2168717122169 (Valida-tion) 0.000137.7%/ 27.8%90.5%/ 90.5%0.718/ 0.654ELISA70 (Train-ing)111430158080 (Valida-tion) 0.000134.3%/ 28.0%95.0%/ 95.0%0.747/ 0.714ELISAPRDX6Xu et al[42], 2019122 (Train-ing)2168717122169 (Valida-tion)0.03334.4%/ 38.9%90.5%/ 90.5%0.573/ 0.602ELISA70 (Train-ing)111430158080 (Valida-tion)0.00230.0%/ 28.0%90.0%/ 90.0%0.647/ 0.629ELISAMMP-7Xu et al[42], 2019122 (Train-ing)2168717122169 (Valida-tion)0.00530.3%/ 33.3%90.5%/ 90.5%0.597/ 0.575ELISA70 (Train-ing)111430158080 (Valida-tion)0.03624.3%/ 28.0%95.0%/ 95.0%0.599/ 0.609ELISAHsp70Xu et al[42], 2019122 (Train-ing)2168717122169 (Valida-tion) 0.000118.0%/ 16.7%90.5%/ 90.5%0.652/ 0.697ELISA70 (Train-ing)111430158080 (Valida-tion) 0.000128.6%/ 32.0%86.3%/ 86.3%0.686/ 0.702ELISABmi-1Xu et al[42], 2019122 (Train-ing)2168717122169 (Valida-tion) 0.000122.1%/ 27.8%90.5%/ 90.5%0.686/ 0.685ELISA70 (Train-ing)111430158080 (Valida-tion) 0.000154.3%/ 40.0%90.0%/ 90.0%0.711/ 0.682ELISAKocZhou et al[41], 201575—-751400.0519.0%/-91%/–ELISAP62Zhou et al[41], 201575—-751400.0216.0%/-94%/–ELISAC-MycZhou et al[41], 201575—-751400.1811.0%/-94%/–ELISAIMP1Zhou et al[41], 201575—-751400.0413.0%/-95%/–ELISASurvivinZhou et al[41], 201575—-751400.00217.0%/-96%/–ELISAP16Zhou et al[41], 201575—-751400.0115.0%/-96%/–ELISACyclin B1Zhou et al[41], 201575—-751400.0112.0%/-97%/–ELISA Open in a separate window EGJA: Esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma; AUC: Area under the curve; PRDX 6: Peroxiredoxin 6; Mmp-7: Matrix metallopeptidase 7; Hsp70: Heat shock FG-4592 supplier protein 70; Bmi-1: BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb.